Hyponatraemia associated with autoimmune limbic encephalitis

Hyponatraemia caused by LGI1-associated limbic encephalitis

Limbic encephalitis (LE), once thought to be a rare paraneoplastic phenomenon, is increasingly diagnosed in patients without malignancy. Autoimmune LE has emerged as a distinct clinical entity. Autoantibodies to neuronal cell surface proteins have been described and may now be tested for. This has led to an exponential increase in the number of cases being reported. The most recently implicated...

Autoimmune limbic encephalitis causing fits, rapidly progressive confusion and hyponatraemia.

A 78-year-old woman presented with a short history of confusion and seizures and was found to be hyponatraemic. Routine investigations failed to find a cause. Magnetic resonance imaging showed encephalitic changes in the temporal lobes, and voltage-gated potassium-channel antibodies were found in her blood in high titre. Although rare, this condition is important because it may respond to immun...

Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Spontaneously resolving seronegative autoimmune limbic encephalitis.

OBJECTIVE We describe a patient with seronegative autoimmune limbic encephalitis (SNALE) masquerading as glioma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities, distinctive pathological findings, and spontaneous remission are highlighted. BACKGROUND There are 15 previously reported SNALE cases, 1 with pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 66-year-old man presented with prominent amnestic...

Paraneoplastic extra limbic encephalitis associated with thymoma.

We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with thymoma diagnosed after finding of extra limbic encephalitis. She presented neurologic symptoms as seizure and aphasia; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed multiple lesions located in insular, parietal and temporal lobes (in cortical and sub-cortical area). Brain biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of encephalitis and CT-scan of the t...